引气调节器107492
一、名称
BLEED AIR REGULATOR
引气调节器BAR
二、件号
107492-1~-3,-5,-6,10-62008-10,-23,-37,-40,-41
三、章节号
36-13-95
四、适用机型
B737-300/-400/-500/-600/-700/-800/-900
五、系统
36-PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
气源系统
六、安装位置
The bleed air regulator is mounted to the engine inner extension ring,below the high-stage regulator on the right side.
引气调节器安装在发动机内伸环上，位于右侧高压级调节器下方。
七、部件原理
BLEED AIR REGULATOR
引气调节器
(1) The bleed air regulator is a pneumatic controller designed to provide regulated control pressure, with electrically controlled shutoff, from a bleed air source. Other functions incorporated are electrical indication of excessive bleed air supply pressure, automatic electrical shutoff of regulated control pressure in the event a separate downstream pressure exceeds bleed air supply pressure and a relief valve to maintain regulation of control pressure in the event of pressure regulator failure.
引气调节器是一种气动控制器，用于从引气源提供调节控制压力，并带有电控关断功能。其他功能包括：引气供应压力过高时发出电信号、下游压力超过引气供应压力时自动电控关断调节控制压力，以及泄放阀在压力调节器失效时保持调节控制压力。
(2) (PN 107492-1, -2) The bleed air regulator contains a pneumatic pressure switch, reference pressure regulator, reverse flow switch assembly, relief valve assembly and solenoid valve assembly mounted in or on a metal housing.
(PN 107492-1, -2) 引气调节器包含一个气动压力开关、基准压力调节器、反流开关组件、泄放阀组件和电磁阀组件，这些组件安装在金属外壳内或外壳上。
(3) (PN 107492-3, -5, -6) The bleed air regulator contains a pneumatic pressure switch, reference pressure regulator, reverse flow switch assembly, relief valve assembly and solenoid valve assembly mounted in or on a metal housing.
(PN 107492-3, -5, -6) 引气调节器包含一个气动压力开关、基准压力调节器、反流开关组件、泄放阀组件和电磁阀组件，这些组件安装在金属外壳内或金属外壳上。
(4) The pneumatic pressure switch is a pneumatic diaphragm actuated electrical switch.
气动压力开关是一个气动膜片作动的电气开关。
(5) The reference pressure regulator is a diaphragm actuated bleed-on type regulator. The reference pressure regulator is composed of a spring loaded, flexible, elastomer coated fabric diaphragm, a poppet valve, and a combined valve guide and seat.
基准压力调节器是一种由膜片作动、引气类型的调节器。基准压力调节器由一个弹簧加载、柔性、弹性体涂层织物膜片、一个提升阀和一个组合阀导杆和阀座组成。
(6) The reverse flow switch assembly is an electrical switch actuated by a spring loaded, differential pressure diaphragm acting through a lever assembly.
反流开关组件是一种由弹簧加载、差压膜片通过杠杆组件作动的电气开关。
(7) The relief valve assembly is a spring loaded closed, bleed off type regulator containing a poppet valve, valve seat and spring.
泄放阀组件是一个装有提升阀、阀座和弹簧的弹簧加载封闭式引气型调节器。
(8) The solenoid valve assembly is a three-way ball valve actuated by a dual coil, latching solenoid.
电磁阀组件是一个由双线圈自锁电磁阀作动的三通球阀。
Operation
操作
(1) Air pressure, applied at the supply port, is ducted to the pneumatic pressure switch, Chamber B of the reverse flow switch assembly, and to the reference pressure regulator.
供应口的气压通过管道输送到气动压力开关、反流开关组件的B腔以及基准压力调节器。
(2) Air pressure passes through the normally open poppet valve of the reference pressure regulator to Chamber A. Air pressure is ducted through the control orifice to the relief valve assembly and to the solenoid valve assembly.
气压通过基准压力调节器的常开提升阀进入A腔。气压通过控制孔输送到泄放阀组件和电磁阀组件。
(3) The solenoid valve assembly (shown in the open position) permits the control port, and external system components connected to it, to be pressurized. Air is also vented to atmosphere through an orifice vent.
电磁阀组件（显示为打开位置）允许控制端口和与其连接的外部系统组件加压。空气还通过限流孔排放到大气中。
(4) As control port pressure rises, reference pressure regulator Chamber A pressure rises. When Chamber A pressure rises to a calibrated level, the force generated against Diaphragm A overcomes spring force and moves the poppet valve toward the closed position.
随着控制端口压力的升高，基准压力调节器A腔的压力也会升高。当A腔压力上升到校准水平时，作用在A膜片上的力将克服弹簧力，推动提升阀向关闭位置移动。
(5) Closing the poppet valve decreases Chamber A pressure and control port pressure. Decreased Chamber A pressure permits spring force to open the poppet valve. This action modulates the poppet valve about a position, which maintains the desired control port pressure.
关闭提升阀将降低A腔压力和控制口压力。A腔压力降低后，弹簧力将打开提升阀。这一动作将提升阀调节到某个位置，从而保持所需的控制口压力。
(6) The solenoid valve assembly is a latching type valve, that is, when momentarily energized to a position, either open or closed, the valve is latched in that position until energized in the opposite direction.
电磁阀组件是一种自锁式活门，也就是说，当瞬间通电到某个位置（打开或关闭）时，活门会自锁在该位置，直到反向通电。
(7) When the solenoid valve assembly is energized and latched in the closed position, the ball valve is moved upward to the opposite seat, closing off pressure from the reference pressure regulator and venting the control port to atmosphere.
当电磁阀组件通电并自锁在关闭位置时，球阀会向上移动到另一个阀座，关闭来自基准压力调节器的压力，并将控制端口通向大气。
(8) The pneumatic pressure switch senses supply port pressure and is designed to operate an electrical switch when supply port pressure rises above a calibrated level.
气动压力开关用于感应供气口压力，当供气口压力超过设定值时，气动压力开关会操作电气开关。
(9) (PN 107492-1, -2) The reverse flow switch assembly contains two pressurized chambers, Chamber B and Chamber C. The two chambers are separated by Diaphragm B. A lever assembly, actuated by Diaphragm B, operates an electrical switch.
(PN 107492-1, -2) 反流开关组件包含两个加压腔室，即腔室B和腔室C。两个腔室由膜片B隔开。由膜片B作动的杠杆组件操作电气开关。
(10) (PN 107492-1, -2) Chamber C of the reverse flow switch assembly connects to the downstream pressure port. Diaphragm B senses the differential pressure between supply port and downstream pressure port. When downstream pressure port pressure rises to a predetermined level above supply port pressure, Diaphragm B operates the reverse flow switch through the lever assembly and switches an electrical signal to the closing coil of the solenoid valve assembly, shutting off control port pressure.
(PN 107492-1, -2) 反流开关组件的腔室C连接下游压力端口。膜片B感应供气口和下游压力口之间的压差。当下游压力口压力上升到高于供气口压力的预定水平时，膜片B通过杠杆组件操作反流开关，并向电磁阀组件的闭合线圈发送电信号，从而关断控制口压力。
(11) The relief valve assembly is a bleed-off type pressure regulator. The poppet valve is spring-loaded closed. The spring force holding the poppet valve closed is calibrated to allow air pressure to unseat the poppet and vent air to atmosphere when pressure downstream of the reference pressure regulator rises above a design level.
泄放阀组件是一种引气式压力调节器。提升阀由弹簧关闭。当基准压力调节器的下游压力超过设计水平时，弹簧将提升阀关闭，使空气压力将提升阀顶出，将空气排放到大气中。
(12) The control orifice is provided to permit remote control of control port pressure by bleeding air from the system downstream of the control port. The increased airflow through the control port causes a pressure drop due to the restriction of the control orifice. A controlled reduction of control port pressure is obtained proportional to the increase in airflow from the control port.
控制孔的作用是通过从控制口下游的系统引气，从而远程控制控制口压力。控制口的气流增加会导致控制孔的阻力增加，从而造成压力下降。控制口压力的下降幅度与控制口的气流增加成正比。
八、工作参数
九、在飞机系统中的工作原理及互联
The bleed air regulator is a pneumatic controller. It combines the control pressure with the electrically operated shutoff from a bleed air source to the pressure regulating and shutoff valve (PRSOV).
引气调节器是一种气动控制器。它结合了控制压力和从引气源到压力调节和关断活门（PRSOV）的电控关断。
The bleed air regulator is mounted to the engine inner extension ring,below the high-stage regulator on the right side.
引气调节器安装在发动机内伸环上，位于右侧高压级调节器下方。
Switches on the pilot’s forward overhead panel control solenoids in the pneumatically operated bleed air regulators and APU bleed air valve. The engine fire switches, when actuated, cause the regulators and valve to close.
飞行员头顶控制面板上的开关控制气动引气调节器和APU引气活门中的电磁阀。发动机点火开关作动时，会导致调节器和活门关闭。
The bleed air is diverted to the engine start system by the pressure regulating and shutoff valve (PRSOV). Each engine uses a bleed air regulator to pneumatically control the PRSOV. The bleed air regulator eliminates the control pressure to the PRSOV actuator which ensures the PRSOV will remain closed during starting.
引气通过压力调节和关断活门（PRSOV）被引向发动机启动系统。每个发动机都使用一个引气调节器来气动控制PRSOV。引气调节器消除了PRSOV作动器的控制压力，从而确保PRSOV在启动期间保持关闭。
Bleed Air Regulator (Fig. 4)
引气调节器
A. The bleed air regulator is a pneumatic controller designed to provide regulated control pressure, with electrically controlled shutoff, from a bleed air source. Other functions incorporated are electrical indication of excessive bleed air supply pressure, automatic electrical shutoff of regulated control pressure in the event that downstream pressure exceeds bleed air supply pressure, and a relief valve to maintain regulation of control pressure in the event of pressure regulator failure.
引气调节器是一种气动控制器，用于从引气源提供调节的控制压力，并具有电控关断功能。其他功能包括：当引气供应压力过高时，发出电信号；当下游压力超过引气供应压力时，自动电控关断调节的控制压力；当压力调节器发生故障时，泄压阀可保持控制压力的调节。
B. The bleed air regulator contains a pneumatic pressure switch, reference pressure regulator, reverse flow switch assembly, relief valve assembly, and solenoid valve assembly mounted in or on a metal housing.
(1) The pneumatic pressure switch is a pneumatically actuated electrical switch.
(2) The reference pressure regulator is a bleed-on type regulator. The reference pressure regulator is composed of a spring loaded diaphragm, a poppet valve, and a combined valve guide and seat.
(3) The reverse flow switch assembly is an electrical switch actuated by a spring loaded, differential pressure diaphragm acting through a lever assembly.
(4) The relief valve assembly is a spring loaded closed, bleed-off type regulator containing a poppet valve, valve seat, and spring.
(5) The solenoid valve assembly is a three-way ball valve actuated by a dual coil, latching solenoid.
引气调节器包含一个气动压力开关、基准压力调节器、反流开关组件、泄放阀组件和电磁阀组件，这些组件安装在金属外壳内或外壳上。
(1) 气动压力开关是一种气动作动的电气开关。
(2) 基准压力调节器是一种引气式调节器。基准压力调节器由一个弹簧加载的膜片、一个提升阀和一个组合阀阀芯和阀座组成。
(3) 反流开关组件是由弹簧加载的差压膜片通过杠杆组件作动的电气开关。
(4) 泄放阀组件是一个弹簧加载的封闭式引气型调节器，包含提升阀、阀座和弹簧。
(5) 电磁阀组件是一个由双线圈自锁电磁阀作动的三通球阀。
C. Upstream pressure is ducted to the overpressure switch (shown in de-activated position), chamber D of the reverse flow switch assembly,and to the reference pressure regulator.
上游压力通过管道输送到超压开关（显示为未激活状态）、反流开关组件的D腔以及基准压力调节器。
D. The pressure passes through the normally open poppet valve of the reference pressure regulator to chamber A. Pressure is then ducted through the control orifice to the relief valve assembly and to the solenoid valve assembly.
压力通过基准压力调节器的常开提升阀进入A腔。然后通过控制孔进入泄放阀组件和电磁阀组件。
E. The solenoid valve assembly (shown in the open position) permits the control port, and PRSOV and 450°F thermostat connected to it, to be pressurized. Pressure is also vented to atmosphere through an orificed vent.
电磁阀组件（图中显示为打开位置）允许控制端口以及与其相连的PRSOV和450°F恒温器加压。压力还通过带孔的通风口排放到大气中。
F. As control port pressure rises, reference pressure regulator chamber A pressure rises. When chamber A pressure rises to a calibrated level, the force generated against diaphragm A overcomes spring force and moves the poppet valve toward the closed position.
随着控制口压力升高，基准压力调节器A腔的压力也随之升高。当A腔压力升高到校准水平时，作用在A膜片上的力将克服弹簧力，推动提升阀向关闭位置移动。
G. Closing the poppet valve decreases chamber A pressure and control port pressure. Decreased chamber A pressure permits spring force to open the poppet valve. This action modulates the poppet valve about a position which maintains the desired control port pressure.
提升阀关闭后，A腔压力和控制口压力降低。A腔压力降低后，弹簧力使提升阀打开。这一动作使提升阀调节到维持所需控制口压力的位置。
H. The solenoid valve assembly is a latching type valve, that is, when momentarily energized to a position, either open or closed, the valve is latched in that position until energized in the opposite direction.
电磁阀组件是一个自锁式活门，也就是说，当瞬间通电到某个位置时，无论是打开还是关闭，活门都会锁定在该位置，直到反向通电。
I. When the solenoid valve assembly is energized and latched in the closed position, the ball valve is moved upward to the opposite seat, closing off pressure from the reference pressure regulator and venting the control port to atmosphere.
当电磁阀组件通电并锁定在关闭位置时，球阀会向上移动到另一个阀座，关闭来自基准压力调节器的压力，并将控制端口通向大气。
J. The pressure switch senses upstream pressure and is designed to operate an electrical switch when upstream port pressure rises above a calibrated level.
压力开关用于感应上游压力，当上游端口压力超过校准水平时，压力开关会操作电气开关。
K. The reverse flow switch assembly contains two pressurized chambers, chamber D and chamber E. The two chambers are separated by a diaphragm. A lever assembly, actuated by the diaphragm, operates an electrical switch.
反流开关组件包含两个加压腔室，即D腔室和E腔室。两个腔室由一个膜片隔开。由膜片作动的杠杆组件会操作电气开关。
L. Chamber E of the reverse flow switch assembly connects to the downstream pressure port. The diaphragm senses the differential pressure between upstream pressure port and downstream pressure port. When downstream pressure rises to a predetermined level above upstream pressure, the diaphragm operates the reverse flow switch through the lever assembly and switches an electrical signal to the closing coil of the solenoid valve assembly, shutting off control port pressure to the PRSOV.
反流开关组件的E腔连接到下游压力端口。膜片可感知上游压力端口和下游压力端口之间的压差。当下游压力上升到高于上游压力的预定水平时，膜片通过杠杆组件操作反向流动开关，并向电磁阀组件的闭合线圈发送电信号，从而关断PRSOV的控制端口压力。
Operation with Engines Running
发动机运行操作
(1) With electrical power switched to the bleed air regulator and with the engines operating, each Bleed Air Control System (BACS) automatically selects the engine bleed air supply from either the low-stage or high-stage bleed ports and regulates the pressure and temperature supplied to the aircraft air using systems.
在电力切换到引气调节器且发动机运行的情况下，每个引气控制系统（BACS）会自动从低级或高级引气口选择发动机引气供应，并使用系统调节提供给飞机空气的压力和温度。
Supply Air Pressure Regulation and Overpressure/Overtemperature Protection
供气压力调节和超压/超温保护
1) Supply bleed air passes through the pressure regulator and shutoff valve (PRSOV) and the precooler. The bleed on/off function is provided by a momentary pulsed latching solenoid.
供气引气通过压力调节器和关断活门（PRSOV）以及预冷器。引气开/关功能由瞬时脉冲自锁电磁阀提供。
2) The nominal pressure regulation range is 34-50 psig. During descent and holding conditions, bleed pressure is usually less than that range, and the valve is normally wide open. The bleed air regulator incorporates a pressure relief valve, which provides additional actuator pressure relief during transient conditions.
标称压力调节范围为34-50 psig。在下降和保持状态下，引气压力通常低于该范围，且活门通常处于全开状态。引气调节器内置一个泄放阀，可在瞬态条件下提供额外的作动器泄放。
3) Overpressure protection is provided by the overpressure switch in the bleed air regulator. If bleed pressure reaches 180 |10 psig, the overpressure switch activates the PRSOV shutoff solenoid which causes the PRSOV to close.
引气调节器中的超压开关提供超压保护。如果引气压力达到 180 |10 psig，超压开关将激活 PRSOV 关断电磁阀，使 PRSOV 关闭。
4) In the event that bleed flow rates exceed the capacity of the precooler to limit downstream temperature to 450°F, the 450°F Thermostat (overtemperature sensor) will cause the PRSOV to throttle back on pressure. The degree of throttling depends on the bleed temperature and altitude, but in general will reach maximum throttling capability by 490°F. The overtemperature feature is primarily intended to prevent bleed trip off in the event WTAI flow is inadvertently turned on under high temperature ambient conditions. Throttling will reduce the amount of bleed flow, thus reducing the bleed air temperature and possibly averting 490°F Overheat Switch bleed trip-off. The overtemperature feature performs a similar function in the event of single failures which may lead to excessively high bleed temperatures.
如果引气流量超过预冷器将下游温度限制在450°F的能力，450°F恒温器（超温传感器）将导致PRSOV对压力进行节流。节流程度取决于引气温度和海拔高度，但通常在490°F时达到最大节流能力。超温功能主要用于防止在高温环境下意外开启WTAI流量时发生引气跳闸。节流将减少引气流量，从而降低引气温度，并可能避免490°F超温开关跳闸。在可能导致引气温度过高的单一故障情况下，超温功能将发挥类似的作用。
Reverse Flow Check Operation
反流止回操作
1) The reverse flow check mechanism provided in the high-stage regulator is designed to shut off the high-stage valve prior to a flow reversal. This is accomplished by sensing high stage port pressure upstream of the high-stage valve and comparing it to the pressure downstream of the precooler. As long as there is flow in the forward direction, the high stage port pressure upstream of the high-stage valve will be higher than the pressure downstream of the precooler because of the pressure drop between the high stage sense port and precooler outlet. The reverse-flow check mechanism is designed to vent the opening chamber of the high-stage valve, causing it to close when the pressure drop between the two sense taps is less than 1.0 psi.
高压级调节器中的反流止回机构设计用于在流量反向之前关断高压级活门。通过检测高压级活门上游的高压级端口压力并将其与预冷器下游的压力进行比较，即可实现这一功能。只要向前流动，高压级活门上游的高压级端口压力就会高于预冷器下游的压力，因为高压级感应端口和预冷器出口之间存在压降。反流止回机构用于排放高压级活门的开启腔，当两个感应端口之间的压降小于1.0 psi时，高压级活门就会关闭。
2) Additional protection against flow reversal is provided by the reverse flow check device in the bleed air regulator. This device senses pressure upstream of the pressure regulator and shutoff valve and downstream of the precooler. Upon a flow reversal, a switch is actuated which sends a signal to the valve’s shutoff solenoid. Switch actuation occurs at a maximum differential pressure of 0.3 psi in the reverse airflow condition.
引气调节器中的反向流动止回装置可防止气流倒流。该装置可感知压力调节活门和关断活门上游以及预冷器下游的压力。一旦发生气流倒流，开关就会作动，向活门的关断电磁阀发送信号。在反向气流条件下，开关作动时的最大压差为0.3 psi。
Starting operation (Fig. 11)
起动操作
(1) When starting the engine, compressed air will flow in the reverse direction through the pneumatic system to the engine start system. The bleed switches are positioned to OPEN and the isolation valve switch is positioned to CLOSE. If compressed air from the APU is used, the APU bleed switch is positioned to OPEN. When the APU is used for engine starting, a dual bleed situation will be sensed and the dual bleed light will illuminate.
当起动发动机时，压缩空气将沿着相反的方向通过气动系统流向发动机起动系统。引气开关打开，隔离活门开关关闭。如果使用来自APU的压缩空气，APU引气开关将被打开。当APU用于发动机启动时，将检测到双引气情况，并且双引气灯将点亮。
(2) On airplanes:
An engine start sense relay for each engine is located in the M324 air conditioning accessory unit. The respective relay is energized when the engine start switch is positioned to GRD. This action energizes the closing coil of the latching solenoid in the bleed air regulator. This eliminates control pressure to the PRSOV pneumatic actuator and ensures the valve remains closed during starting.
飞机上：
每个发动机的发动机起动感应继电器位于M324空调配件单元中。当发动机启动开关定位到GRD时，各继电器均已通电。此动作使引气调节器中的自锁电磁阀的关闭线圈通电。这消除了对PRSOV气动作动器的控制压力，并确保活门在启动时保持关闭状态。
